Deer Fence Design Specifications final

1 New Jersey Department of Agriculture Wildlife Fence Cost-Share Program for Unpreserved Farms W Appendix A High-Tensile Woven Wire Deer Fencing Design and Installation Specifications

2 Table of Contents Introduction ............................................................................................ 3 General Requirements ............................................................................ 3 Additional Awardee Responsibilities ..................................................... 3 Fence Materials and Specifications ........................................................ 4 High-Tensile Woven Wire Fence ............................................. 4 High-tensile Wire .....................................................................4 Posts ....................................................................................... 4 Fasteners ................................................................................. 4 Brace Assemblies .................................................................................... 5 Placement........................................................................... 5 - 6 Length ...................................................................................... 5 Components ............................................................................ 6 Typical Single-Span Brace Assembly at a Corner or End .......... 6 Typical Double-Span Brace Assembly at a Corner or End ........ 7 Typical Line Brace Assembly ..................................................... 7 Terminating a Fence ................................................................................. 9 Splicing a Fence ...................................................................................... 10 Woven Wire Fence Placement .............................................................. 11 Fastening Woven Wire Fence to Posts.................................................. 11 Setting Posts in the Ground ................................................................... 12 Line Post Spacing on Curves .................................................................. 12 Deer Fence Installation Training Video .................................................. 13

3 Introduction The specifications included in this Appendix must be followed at a minimum for the effective implementation of exclusionary deer fence. Farmers wishing to deviate from the specifications must seek and get approval from the Division of in writing prior to installation. General Requirements All fence materials must be new and in unused condition. The minimum fence height is 96 inches (8 feet). Two fence systems are permitted: System using full 96-inch high-tensile fixed-knot woven wire. System using 75 to 96-inch high-tensile fixed-knot woven wire, with high-tensile wires spaced a maximum of 9 inches apart to reach the full 96-inch height. Additional Awardee Responsibilities Awardees must: Obtain all applicable permits and comply with all permit conditions. Act as General Contractor to obtain the services of all subcontractors required to perform the works of improvement. Contact the NJ One Call system at 1-800-272-1000 three to ten days prior to any construction activity to verify the location of any buried utilities. (The protection of private utilities is the responsibility of Awardee.) Seek and get prior approval from the Division, in writing, for any deviations from the design and installation specifications in this Appendix. Awardees can contact the NJDA at: PO Box 330, Trenton NJ, 08625-0330 njdadeerfence@ag.nj.gov Ph: (609) 913-6490

4 Fence Materials and Specifications High-Tensile Woven Wire Fence and High-Tensile Wire All wire must be high-tensile 12.5-gauge steel class 3 galvanized or greater. High-tensile woven wire shall be fixed-knot. The horizontal wires of a high-tensile woven wire fence shall have graduated spacing from 3 to 8 inches, with the smaller spacing placed nearest the ground. Vertical wires shall have a maximum spacing of 6 inches apart. High-tensile woven wire shall be a minimum height of 75 inches. This minimum height must be achieved using a single roll of wire. Additional strands of high-tensile wire then must be added on top, at a maximum of 9-inch intervals, until reaching the full height, 96 inches. All high-tensile woven wire and high-tensile wire shall be attached to the outside of the posts where practical. In all cases, it shall be attached to the outside of corners. Posts Post shall be preservative pressure treated such as CCA 0.40 lbs., e.g., Southern Yellow Pine or equivalent. Do not use Red Pine. Posts shall be well-seasoned or kiln- dried to minimize warping. Well-seasoned means cut, debarked, and dried for a minimum of 1 year. Alternatively, untreated posts also may be used, provided they are well seasoned, durable posts of species such as red cedar, black locust or Osage orange with the bark removed. Well-seasoned means cut, debarked, and dried for a minimum of 1 year. Posts shall be a minimum of 12 feet long. Line posts shall be a minimum or round, installed at least 36 inches in the ground. Brace posts shall be a minimum or round, installed at least 36 inches in the ground. Corner and end posts shall be a minimum of or round, installed at least 42 inches in the ground. Post spacing shall be 25 feet or less. See page 12 regarding post spacing along curves. Posts may be pounded or augured. When augured, posts must be anchored on corners, ends, and low points. See page 12 regarding setting posts in the ground. Fasteners 1 barbed, class 3 galvanized steel staples shall be used.

5 Brace Assemblies Locating Braces Assemblies at Corners, Ends, Gate Posts, and Mid-Line (Line) Length of Straight Run of Fence between Corner, End, Gate Posts, and/or Line Brace Type of Brace Assembly needed at Corner, End, and/or Gate posts Line Brace Assemblies: Whether they are required, and if so, at what Intervals in a straight run of fence Less than 700 feet Single-Span Brace Line braces are not required at fixed intervals for this run of fence. Use line braces as needed at top and bottom of hills. 700 to 1,300 feet Double-Span Brace Line braces are not required at fixed intervals for this run of fence. Use line braces as needed at top and bottom of hills. More than 1,300 feet Depends on the spacing of line braces used in the run of fence: Use a single-span brace if the distance to the line brace is less than 700 feet. Use a double-span brace if the distance to the line brace is 700 to 1,300 feet. Line braces are required: Use at least one line brace (double -span) every 1,300 feet in the run of fence, and as needed on the tops and bottoms of hills. Note: A run is the distance between a corner, end, gate, or brace post and the next corner, end, gate, or brace post. Brace Assembly Length Single-span brace assemblies shall be a minimum of 10 feet long. Double-span brace assemblies shall be a minimum of 16 feet long.

6 Brace Assembly Placement in Line Line brace assemblies shall be installed at appropriate intervals in a run of fence and at all sharp breaks in grade, typically when the change in slope is greater than 15%. or less or greater Brace Assembly Placement at Corners, Ends, and Gates Single-span or double-span brace assemblies are required at all corners, ends, and gates, and where the fence alignment changes direction by more than 40 degrees. If a wide stream or gully is to be crossed, the fence section shall be terminated on one bank with a brace assembly, and a new section with a brace assembly shall be started on the other bank. Diagram courtesy of NRCS Runs up to 1,300 feet: Use Line braces as needed at tops and bottoms of hills Fence run greater than 1,300 feet between braces: Use Double-Span Line Brace every 1,300 feet and as need. Fence length less than 700 feet: Use single-span brace assemblies at corners, ends, and gate posts. Fence length 700-1,300 feet between braces: Use double-span brace assemblies at corner, end, and gate posts.

7 Brace Assembly Components Horizontal Brace Rails shall be wooden posts a minimum of square or 3 1/2-inch diameter round. One alternative is to use galvanized steel pipe with a minimum 2-inch diameter and with the minimum wall thickness as specified for a water supply pipe. Brace post pins shall be steel rods a minimum of 3/8-inch x 9-inch. Brace wires shall consist of 12½ gauge or stronger, galvanized, high-tensile wire, double wrapped with a 1½-inch x 2-inch x 2-foot twist stick. A double wire with a tightener also may be used. Brace wires shall be tightened to secure the brace and post assemblies. Other commercially available tension systems may be used with prior SADC approval. Typical Single-Span Brace Assembly at a Corner or End Used when the run of fence is less than 700 feet

8 Typical Double Span Brace Assembly at a Corner or End Used when the run of fence is greater than 700 feet Typical Line Brace Assembly Used when the run of fence is greater than 1,300 feet, or otherwise as needed

9 Terminating a Fence When fence is terminated at a post, it shall be terminated using one of the following methods: High-tensile slip knot; Crimp sleeves rated for the appropriate gauge wire according to manufacturers instructions; or Any other commercially available termination device, rated for the appropriate gauge wire according to manufacturers instructions.

10 Splicing a Fence When it is necessary to splice two sections of fence together, one of the following methods shall be used: Place each vertical stays over each other and wrap the loose horizontal ends of the wires around the corresponding horizontal wire not less than 6 times around; Apply crimp sleeves rated for the appropriate gauge wire according to manufacturers instructions; or Employ any other commercially-available splicing device rated for the appropriate gauge wire according to manufacturers instructions.