Tree Report Complete File Updated 101524

c. During the August 2024 site visit, ten white-tailed deer were observed individually and in small groups. 2. As noted the forest consists primarily of large trees. The initial study showed no trees under four inches in diameter within the study plots. a. The observational walk through conducted in August of 2024 did find small stands of trees ranging from 1-2”. However, as in the original study, these were much less common than the larger sizes. (See histogram in power point for clarity). 3. There are a number of tree species present in this forested area including: a. Oak (Quercus alba, Q. velutina and Q. rubra), several maples (Acer sp.), hickory (Carya glabra, C. ovata and others; flowering dogwood (Cornus florida); sassafras (Sassafras albidum); American beech (Fagus grandifolia) and black cherry (Prunus serotina). i. Note that with limited exception, the trees observed were as large as 2436” diameter at breast height (DBH). 4. The 2024 walk through of the site found the signs and symptoms of beech leaf disease. This disease has reached the northeast in the past several years and is caused by a nematode. The disease is currently untreatable and is anticipated to cause the death of infected beech trees within 10 years. Conclusions: The observations and findings indicate that while the largest trees in the forest appear healthy (except for American beech), it is a simple fact that where there is excessive deer browse, there is no opportunity for seedlings to regenerate the forest over time. While the trees in this forest today may live for many years, so long as the forest cannot regenerate itself, it is a forest in decline. Deer fencing is one tool that can help the forest to heal and begin the process of regeneration. Over time, when native seedlings are protected from deer browse, invasive grasses (such as Japanese stilt grass) are crowded out and native plants begin to effectively compete. As the site will be planted with approximately 2166 native perennials/grasses and ground covers as well as 1065 native shrubs to function as seed generators, the protected area has a high probability of new, native plant growth. B. Summary of Findings; Planting Selection The planting list submitted by the Applicant to date is not final. As noted in the preliminary report, some minor modifications to this list should be made based on the most recent USDA Plant

election The planting list submitted by the Applicant to date is not final. As noted in the preliminary report, some minor modifications to this list should be made based on the most recent USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map and the inherent changes in local climate as it relates to plants and health. 2