PSEG West Orange Switching Substation West Orange NJ6524

Acoustical Evaluation of Station Upgrades PSE&G West Orange Switching Station, West Orange, NJ 5 June 2024 Page 8 MODELING OF SOUND EMISSIONS State-of-the-art software, CadnaA, was used to model steady PSE&G site sound emissions from continuously operating equipment. Beginning with the dimensions and strength of the noise sources, the model takes into account relevant parameters between the noise source and receptor positions of interest to predict how sound will propagate. In addition to distance attenuation, the model accounts for the effects of terrain, various types of ground cover, shielding by structures, and reflections from buildings. The acoustical model sums noise from multiple sources and analyzes sound propagation to multiple receptors. The model yields site sound emissions, which exclude ambient sound contributions and are directly comparable to code limits. All model calculations are carried out in octave frequency bands. The strength of the noise sources for existing site equipment was determined from field-measured data from the daytime sound survey on 30 April 2024. Data were obtained via calibrated measurements near the transformers and other select equipment. As stated earlier, all operable transformer cooling fans were switched ON during the survey to simulate worst-case conditions. Data were generally acquired 1-foot from transformer surfaces and 6 feet from fans per NEMA Standards and were used to develop octave band sound power levels for each source. Sound power levels for HVAC equipment are based on manufacturer’s data and were input into the model. The modeling software provides colored A-weighted sound emission contours (in 1 dB increments) for an ear-height elevation typical of a standing observer, 5 feet above grade. The model also tabulates sound emissions for five select receptor locations. Receptors A, D, and E represent upper-story locations of reception for nearby residences, while Receptors B and C are at upper- story locations of reception for nearby commercial uses. Specifically, Receptors A and B are 20 feet above grade, while Receptors C through E are 15 feet above grade. In the model, buildings and equipment are shown in white, and the site property is outlined in red. Isolation walls are shown in light blue. Note that a majority of elevation contour lines are visually hidden for clarify; only major elevation contour

white, and the site property is outlined in red. Isolation walls are shown in light blue. Note that a majority of elevation contour lines are visually hidden for clarify; only major elevation contour lines are shown in teal for ease of interpreting the colored sound level contours.