138-24 Exhibit to Resolution Adopting the Township of West Orange Vision Zero Action Plan.pdf

OFFICE OF SAFETY Proven Safety Countermeasures Rectangular Rapid Flashing Beacons (RRFB) A marked crosswalk or pedestrian warning sign can improve safety for pedestrians crossing the road, but at times may not be sufficient for drivers to visibly locate crossing locations and yield to pedestrians. To enhance pedestrian conspicuity and increase driver awareness at uncontrolled, marked crosswalks, transportation agencies can install a pedestrian actuated Rectangular Rapid Flashing Beacon (RRFB) to accompany a pedestrian warning sign. RRFBs consist of two, rectangular- shaped yellow indications, each with a light-emitting diode (LED)-array-based light source.1 RRFBs flash with an alternating high frequency when activated to enhance conspicuity of pedestrians at the crossing to drivers. Safety Benefits: For more information on using RRFBs, see the Interim Approval in the Manual RRFBs can reduce on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD).1 crashes up to: 47% for pedestrian crashes. 4 Applications The RRFB is applicable to many Considerations Agencies should:2 types of pedestrian crossings but is • Install RRFBs in the median rather particularly effective at

types of pedestrian crossings but is • Install RRFBs in the median rather particularly effective at multilane than the far-side of the roadway RRFBs can increase motorist crossings with speed limits less yielding rates up to: if there is a pedestrian refuge or than 40 miles per hour.2 Research other type of median. 98% (varies by speed limit, number suggests RRFBs can result in motorist yielding rates as high at 98 percent at marked crosswalks, but varies • Use solar-power panels to eliminate the need for a power source. of lanes, crossing distance, depending on the location, posted • Reserve the use of RRFBs for and time of day).3 speed limit, pedestrian crossing locations with significant pedestrian distance, one- versus two-way road, safety issues, as over-use of RRFB and the number of travel lanes.3 treatments may diminish their RRFBs can also accompany school or effectiveness. trail crossing warning signs. Agencies shall not:2 RRFBs are placed on both sides of • Use RRFBs without the presence of a crosswalk below the pedestrian

• Use RRFBs without the presence of a crosswalk below the pedestrian a pedestrian, school or trail crossing crossing sign and above the warning sign. diagonal downward arrow plaque pointing at the crossing.1 The flashing • Use RRFBs for crosswalks across pattern can be activated with approaches controlled by YIELD pushbuttons or passive (e.g., video or signs, STOP signs, traffic control RRFBs used at a trail crossing. infrared) pedestrian detection, and signals, or pedestrian hybrid Source: LJB should be unlit when not activated. beacons, except for the approach or egress from a roundabout. For more information on this and other FHWA Proven Safety Countermeasures, please visit https://highways.dot.gov/ safety/proven-safety-counter 1 MUTCD Interim Approval 21 - RRFBs at Crosswalks. measures and https://high 2 “Rectangular Rapid Flash Beacon” in PEDSAFE: Pedestrian Safety Guide and Countermeasure Selection System. FHWA, (2013). ways.dot.gov/sites/fhwa.dot. 3 Fitzpatrick et al. “Will You Stop for Me? Roadway Design and Traffic Control gov/files/2022-06/techSheet_ Device Influences on Drivers Yielding to Pedestrians in a Crosswalk with a Rectangular Rapid-Flashing Beacon.” Report No. TTI-CTS-0010. Texas A&M RRFB_2018.pdf. Transportation Institute, (2016). 4 (CMF ID: 9024) NCHRP Research Report 841 Development of Crash Modification Factors for

Institute, (2016). 4 (CMF ID: 9024) NCHRP Research Report 841 Development of Crash Modification Factors for Uncontrolled Pedestrian Crossing Treatments, (2017). FHWA-SA-21-053