04_AECOM_Environmental Report_Final

Performance Test Report for Wood Fired Meat Smoker Project number: 89735150 3. Test Program and Sampling Methodology 3.1 Overview This test program was designed to quantify emissions of PM and PAHs as well as measure fixed gases, including Oz and COz, in order to determine the emissions. Testing was completed using EPA test methods. The test methods are as follows: Exhaust Stack Parameters * Oxygen and Carban Dioxide (02/CO2) — EPA Method 3A « — Particulate Matter (PM) — EPA Methods 5/202 — Filterable PM (FPM)— EPA Method 5 — Candensable PM (CPM) — EPA Method 202 « — Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) — EPA Method 0010 « Exhaust Gas Volumetric Flaw Rate — EPA Method 2 * — Moisture — EPA Methad 4 3.1.1. EPAMethods 1 and 2 for Determination of Sampling Location and Cyclonic Flow The sampling location was measured prior to the sampling program and the traverse points for the isokinetic sampling trains determined according to EPA Method 1. According to Method 1, the stack requires a total of 16 traverse points, with 8 points on each diameter, for isokinetic sampling. Figure 3-1 presents the traverse point locations determined for all isokinetic sampling trains in the cross section of the Meat Smoker's stack exhaust. Due to the low velocity of the flows in the stack, measuring cyclonic flow was not feasible. It is reasonable to assume that the flow is laminar and non- cyclonic. Preliminary velocity measurements were taken on August 05,2024. The sampling data sheets for preliminary velocity are presented in Appendix A. 3.1.2 EPA Methods 3A for Determination of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide (Instrumental Analyzer) Dry gas concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the stack exhaust gas were measured using US EPA Method 3A. A gas sample was removed from the duct and the dry fraction was analyzed by an O2/COz analyzer whenever isokinetic sampling was performed. The results for oxygen and carbon dioxide by Method 3A were used in calculations for gas flow characteristics, including molecular weight, gas velocity and stack gas flow rate. US EPA Method 3A requires that O2 and CO2 gas analyzers be calibrated using three (3) calibration gas concentrations: * — Azero gas, such as high-purity nitrogen: « Amid-level calibration gas, containing O2 and CO2 at a concentration of 40-60% of the span value; and « — Ahigh-level calibration gas, equivalent to the

— Azero gas, such as high-purity nitrogen: « Amid-level calibration gas, containing O2 and CO2 at a concentration of 40-60% of the span value; and « — Ahigh-level calibration gas, equivalent to the span value, containing O2 and CO2 concentrations of 80-100% of the measurement range of the analyzer. 3.1.3 EPA Method 4 for Determination of Moisture Gas moisture concentrations were measured concurrently with each isokinetic sampling train in accordance with EPA Method 4. Sarnpling train impingers were weighed before and after sample collection and moisture concentrations were determined gravimetrically. 3.1.4 EPA Methad 5 for Determination of Particulate Matter and EPA Method 202 for Determination of Condensable Particulate Matter. AECOM 34

Performance Test Report for Wood Fired Meat Smoker Project number: 89735150 Samples of the Meat Smoker stack exhaust emissions for determination of filterable particulate matter {FPM), and cendensable PM (CPM) were collected using a single combined methods sampling train meeting the requirements of both EPA Method 5 and EPA Method 202. Sample gas was removed isokinetically from the stack and passed through the following components: « Glass (quartz) nozzle; « Heated, glass (quartz)-lined probe; « Heated Teflon® mat filter with a Teflon® filter support; « One empty knockout short stem impinger; e One empty modified Greenburg-Smith impinger; « = Modified Greenburg-Smith impinger containing 100 mL of water; and « Modified Greenburg-Smith impinger containing silica gel. After sample collection, the sampling train was recovered to provide the fallawing fractions « Acetone rinse of the probe, nozzle, and front half of the filter holder; «Filter; « Water rinse of the back half of the filler halder and the connecting glassware alang with the content of the first two impingers into the water rinse sample bottle; * Back half of the filter holder and the connecting glassware along with first two impingers rinsed one time with acetane and bwo times with hexane into the organic rinse sample bottle; and « ~~ CPM Filter; Samples were transferred to the Eurofins Test America laboratory in Knoxville, TN for analysis. The probe rinse and filter were analyzed for determination of FPM gravimetrically according to EPA Method 5, and the impingers and the CPM filter were analyzed for CPM in according to EPA Method 202. Sampling data sheets are presented in Appendix A. 3.1.5 SW-846 Method 0010 for Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Compounds. Samples of Meat-Smoke stack exhaust emissions were collected according to SW-846 Method 0010 for determination of polycyclic aramatic hydrocarbon compounds. According to this method, sample gas was removed isokinetically from the duct and passed through the following components: « ~~ Glass (quartz) nozzle; « Heated, glass (quartz)-lined probe; « Heated quartz-fiber filter with a Teflon® filter support; * Heated Teflon® transfer line; « Condenser; e = Sorbent trap containing XAD-2® resin; « One short-stem Knackout impingers empty; « = Modified Greenburg-Smith impinger containing 100 mL of water; « Greenburg-Smith

ransfer line; « Condenser; e = Sorbent trap containing XAD-2® resin; « One short-stem Knackout impingers empty; « = Modified Greenburg-Smith impinger containing 100 mL of water; « Greenburg-Smith impinger containing 100 mL of water; « Modified Greenburg-Smith impinger, empty; and « = Madified Greenburg-Smith impinger containing silica gel. After sample collection, the sampling train was recovered to provide the following fractions: AECOM 3-2

Performance Test Report for Wood Fired Meat Smoker Project number: 89735150 « = Solvent (dichloromethane/methanal) rinse of the nozzle, probe, and front half of the filter holder; «Filter; « — Solvent rinse (dichloramethane/methanol) of the back half of the filter holder, transfer line, and condenser; « = XAD-2® sorbent trap; « First KO impinger catch; and * — Solvent (dichloromethane/methanol) rinse of the first KO impinger and connecting glassware. These samples were transferred to the Eurofins Test America laboratory in Knoxville, TN for analysis as follows: * Selected PAHs by GC/MS according to SW-846 Method 8270. Sampling data sheets are presented in Appendix A. AECOM 33

Performance Test Report for Wood Fired Meat Smoker Project number: 89735150 Figure 3-1: Schematics of Meat Smoker Exhaust Stack Sampling Location or 1.7 Equivalent Diarteters Upstean from Ostumance r 24 Eouivalen: Diamsiess Cewnstearr from Sisturbance —t \ Lona Sack tort Pend Diaconte Fram Wl Poin tot Buct om Tal 22 ce 5 “08 18 3 “94 a5 a 222 ae £ any 12.2 € aed 14.8 ? 9.5 18.1 & oe.4 =COM Meat Smoker Exhaust A = Stack Traverse Point Location Schematic: (Particulate) aecom.com Wionder Foods Wander, Mi Sag Ms [I AECOM 34

Performance Test Report for Wood Fired Meat Smoker Project number: 89735150 4. Quality Assurance/Quality Control and Data Reporting During the monitoring program, a strict quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) program adhering to the procedures outlined in the referenced methods identified in previous sections was follawed. Equipment was inspected for proper operation and durability prior to calibration. Calibration of equipment is conducted in accordance with the procedures outlined in the EPA document entitled "Quality Assurance Handbook for Air Pollution Measurement Systems; Volume |||—Stationary Source Specific Methods" (EPA/600/R-94/038c, September 1994). Equipment calibration is performed in accordance with EPA guidelines and/or manufacturer’s recommendations. Documentation of all calibration records are kept in the project file during the field prograrn and are attached in Appendix ¢€ of this test report. The QA/QC aspects of the program are discussed in the following sections below. 4.1 Pitot Tubes [QA Handbook Section 3.1.2, pp. 1-13 - measured for appropriate spacing and dimensions or calibrate in a wind tunnel. Rejection criteria are given on the calibration sheet. Post-test check - inspect for damage.] Each S-type stainless steel Pitot tube used is designed to meet geametric configurations as defined in EPA Method 2. 4.2. Thermocouples [QA Handbook Section 3.4.2, pp. 15-18 - verify against a mercury-in-glass thermometer at two or more points including the anticipated measurement range. Acceptance limits - impinger +2°F; dry gas meter (DGM) +5.4°F; stack +1.5 percent of stack temperature.] The Type K thermacouples in each meter control box, heated sample bax, impinger umbilical connector, resin trap, and sample probe are calibrated against ASTM mercury-in-glass thermometers at two or more points: an ice bath, ambient temperature, and a boiling water bath. 4.3 Dry Gas Meters [QA Handbook Section 3.4.2, pp. 1-12: calibrate against a wet test meter or calibrated orifice. Acceptance criteria - pretest Yi = Y + 0.02; post-test Y = + 0.05 Yi.] Dry gas meters for all sampling trains are calibrated using critical orifices. The procedure entails four runs using four separate critical orifices running at an actual vacuum 1-2 in. greater than the theoretical critical vacuum. The minimum sample volume required per orifice is 5 ft. Meter boxes are

our runs using four separate critical orifices running at an actual vacuum 1-2 in. greater than the theoretical critical vacuum. The minimum sample volume required per orifice is 5 ft. Meter boxes are calibrated annually. 4.4 Field Barometer [QA Handbook Section 3.4.2, pp. 18-19 - compare against a mercury-in-glass barometer or use Airport Station Barometric Pressure (BP) and correct for elevation. Acceptance criteria - + 0.02 in. Hg: post-test check - same.] In the absence of pressure readings from an onsite laboratory or other weather station, BP readings will be obtained from the closest airport and corrected for elevation (- 0.10 in. Hg per 100-ft of elevation increase as per Section 6.1.2 of EPA Method 5). 4.5 Field Balance The analytical balance used in the field to determine initial and final silica gel weights was calibrated against Class M weights provided by the Mettler Corporation. 4.6 IMS Equipment and Instrumentation IMS equipment brought ta the site was housed in a dedicated trailer that was transported to the test site and set up adjacent to the sampling location. All equipment {analyzers, calibration gases, and ancillary equipment) was thoroughly checked prior to the jab and the appropriated calibration standards were procured. Daily calibrations and other instrument bias checks were performed in accordance with the specific method followed. AECOM 44

Performance Test Report for Wood Fired Meat Smoker Project number: 89735150 The O2 and COz continuous instrumental analyzers used in the AECOM mobile instruments lab were first calibrated directly with nitrogen and two upscale gases. Next, the analyzers were calibrated up through the entire sampling system with purified nitrogen and one upscale US EPA Pratocol 1 gas prior to and following each test run. Results of instrument calibration error, system bias, and system drift determinations are presented in the report Appendix €. Calibration gases used by AECOM were prepared in accordance with US EPA Pratocol 1 procedures. Copies of the calibration gas. certification sheets are provided in the report Appendix C. The criteria for a valid test run under EPA Method 3A are as follows: + Analyzer Calibration error + System Bias + System Calibration Drift +/- 2% of calibration span +/- 5% of calibration span +/- 3% of calibration span The equation to be used ta correct the Methods 3A data for bias and drift is presented below: Where: Cys = Effluent gas concentration, ppm c = Average gas concentration indicated by gas analyzer, ppm Cy = Average of initial and final system calibration bias check responses for the zero gas, ppm Cm = Average of initial and final system calibration bias check responses for the upscale calibration gas, ppm Cme = Actual concentration of the upscale calibratian gas, ppm All field equipment was calibrated annually or more often if problems occurred. Copies of all calibration data for the equipment used on this test were brought to the test site and a copy was made available to the test observer, if requested. All calibration data are also included in the appendices of this final report. 4.7 Leak Check Procedures Prior to conducting the sampling, AECOM's IMS was leak checked and verified to be leak free. Following the initial leak check, the drift criteria as specified in EPA Method 7E, 40 CFR 60, Appendix Aserved as a continuous sample integrity check. All sampling, analytical and QA/QC procedures outlined in the above referenced methods were followed. The principal goal in this regard was to provide for proper collection and organization of accurate information followed by clear and concise reporting of the data. Instrument calibration data and cylinder gas certifications are provided in Appendix C. The Field Team Leader

organization of accurate information followed by clear and concise reporting of the data. Instrument calibration data and cylinder gas certifications are provided in Appendix C. The Field Team Leader reviewed the data collected fram each sampling system in its entirety in the field. Field data reduction (checking sampling parameters) was accomplished using a laptop computer employing standardized Excel spreadsheets. Printouts of these finalized spreadsheets and the raw field data forms that were completed by hand during the testing program are provided in Appendix A. AECOM 4-2